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The influence factors of the installation inclination angle of solar mounting system on the power generation of photovoltaic power plants

Data:2021-03-22

The inclination angle of a photovoltaic power station is the angle between solar mounting system and the ground level. When designing a power station, generally refer to the historical data of the cumulative radiation amount for the whole year under different tilt angles, and select the angle with the highest radiation amount as the best tilt angle design. Because the earth revolves around the sun all the time, the point of direct sun rays has been moving back and forth between the tropics of the earth during one revolution period. Therefore, the total amount of radiation received by the solar mounting system is different under different tilt angles. We call the tilt angle that receives the largest total annual radiation as the optimal tilt angle.

The influence factors of the installation inclination angle of solar mounting system on the power generation of photovoltaic power plants

In the actual process of selecting the best inclination angle, factors such as the geographical environment and natural environment of the project construction site must also be considered. For example, the influence of the tilt angle on the snow fall; the influence of the wind pressure resistance and snow pressure resistance of the module when the tilt angle changes; at the same time, the influence of these factors on the selection of the solar bracket and the basic counterweight and the change of the distance between the front and rear rows caused by the high angle , Increase the cost of land and so on.

The installation inclination angle is recommended to start from 5°, until the installation inclination angle of the maximum radiation value appears, and then select a few larger angles for review on the basis of this value, and finally obtain the corresponding installation when the radiation amount of the inclined surface is the largest. The inclination angle is the optimal installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic modules in this photovoltaic power generation system. When the fixed solar mounting bracket is used, the average daily solar radiation received by the inclined surface of the photovoltaic module is the largest when the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic module is 32°[1], and the annual solar radiation received by the inclined surface of the photovoltaic module is also the largest at this angle.

Take a power station in southern Xinjiang as an example, the actual installation inclination angle is 34°. However, when using the design software to measure and compare the power generation under different tilt angles, it is concluded that under the conditions of its geographic location, when the tilt angle is 37°, the radiation received by the surface of the module is the highest, and the power generation is also the highest. The actual installed angle of power generation and the estimated optimal angle of annual power generation are 0.13% lower. The specific data are as follows:

34° tilt angle, azimuth angle due south 37° tilt angle, azimuth angle due south

34°Inclination angle power generation in the first year

The total annual radiation and power generation under different tilt angles are as follows:
Through the above data analysis, we can draw the following points:

(1) The best tilt angle is related to the local geographic latitude. Taking the equator as the reference point, when the geographic latitude gradually increases toward the poles of the earth, the corresponding optimal number of tilt angles also gradually increases.

(2) When the inclination angle increases from horizontal (0°) to the optimal inclination angle, the radiation received by the surface increases correspondingly, and the maximum amount of radiation is received when the optimal inclination angle is reached; as the inclination angle continues to increase, the surface receives the radiation The amount of radiation received begins to decrease again, and the corresponding power generation is gradually reduced.

(3) The inclination angle is within ±5° of the optimal inclination angle, and the influence of radiation on the power generation is relatively limited
.
A single variable comparison should be used to compare the impact of different tilt angles on power generation. However, in general, the inclination angles of the same power station components are the same angle and orientation, and the comparison of power stations in different regions has too many influencing factors. Therefore, consider using PV-System design software to demonstrate it. The meteorological data of the software comes from two meteorological databases, NASA and Meteonorm. At the same time, through actual calculations, the accuracy of the calculation is as high as 99.3%, which can be referenced.

Therefore, under the premise that the AC grid-connected power is not required and the economic calculation meets the project investment internal rate of return, in order to increase the annual power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system, the optimal installation inclination angle of the components can be appropriately reduced.

It should be noted that the degree of reduction in the installation inclination of the solar panel brackets needs to be determined after technical and economic comparisons according to the project’s installed capacity requirements and the increase in power generation; it is also necessary to comprehensively consider the dust pollution situation in the project location and the photovoltaic power generation system. Factors such as the cleaning frequency of photovoltaic modules.

Under the condition that the total area is kept unchanged, the AC grid-connected power is not required, and the internal rate of return of the project investment is satisfied, the optimal installation inclination of solar mounting system can be appropriately reduced, thus increasing the annual power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system. The research conclusions show that although the optimal installation inclination of the modules decreases, the annual solar radiation received by the inclined surface of the modules also decreases, but under the same floor area, the DC installed capacity of the photovoltaic array will increase, thereby making the photovoltaic The annual power generation capacity of the power generation system has been increased.

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Above news from CHIKO Sales & Marketing department
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